- Orrery Jones England c.1790 (Sold)
- Tellurium Felk 1840 (Prague)
- Planetary Charles Dien c.1840 France
- Copernican Planetary .Spain
- Planetary Copernician Delamarche Paris
In the 17th century the Ptolemaic geocentric cosmological theory was gradually displaced by the heliocentric theory of Copernicus.
Planetaria, which show the motion of the planets around a central sun, began to be widely desseminated.
Naturally there was no question of representing the solar system to scale; the succession of planets was shown revolving in concentric circles about the central sun.
These instruments were intented for demonstration purposes and were worked by hand or by clockwork.